Which of the following represents one of the "sola's" of the Reformation?

The answer, which emphasizes "Sola Gratia - By Grace alone," is foundational to Reformation theology. This principle asserts that salvation is entirely a gift from God, given through His grace, rather than the result of human effort or merit. This assertion was a significant departure from the prevailing beliefs of the time, which often associated salvation with a combination of faith and personal works or penance.

"Sola Gratia" highlights the importance of divine grace in the process of salvation, emphasizing that no amount of good works or religious observance can earn God's favor. This concept reinforces that salvation is fundamentally dependent on God's mercy and initiative, aligning with the broader theological stance of the Reformation that emphasized faith and God's sovereignty over human action.

The other options provided do not accurately reflect one of the core principles of the Reformation, which focused on grace and faith rather than human actions or institutional authority. This understanding of grace remains a critical tenet of many Protestant denominations today, showcasing its lasting impact on Christian doctrine.